Progress in research on TLR7 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations in autoimmune diseases / 中华医学遗传学杂志

Autoimmune diseases (AID) are a group of complex disorders due to antibodies acting on self-antigens causing damage to the body. AID has long been considered as the outcome of genetic and environmental interactions. In recent years, studies have shown that increased susceptibility to AID may be associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations of Toll like receptor 7 (TLR7) gene, which provided a clue to further understanding of the pathogenesis of AID. This paper provides a review of the recent advances in understanding of the roles of TLR7 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and copy number variations in AID.

Craig Ⅴ distal clavicle fracture treated with distal clavicle excision plus suture anchor / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To introduce distal clavicle excision plus suture anchor to treat Craig Ⅴ distal clavicle fracture.Methods From November, 2005 to August, 2007, 25 patients with Craig Ⅴ distal clavicle fracture were treated with distal clavicle excision plus suture anchor.They were 18 men and 7 women,with a median age of 42.6 years.They were followed up periodically by radiological examination.At the final follow-up, their shoulder functions were evaluated by University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) scoring system and Constant scoring system, and the pain was evaluated according to visual analog scale (VAS).Results All the patients obtained a median follow-up of 13.6 months (8 to 24) .The height of distal clavicle in all patients reached anatomical reduction.Their average UCLA score was 33.5 (28 to 35), and average Constant score was 90.6 (79 to 100) .Their mean VAS score was 1.2 (0 to 4) .Their average forward flexion and elevation was 156.4° ( 145° to 170°), and external rotation was 45.6° (40° to 60°) .The rate of top quality was 88.0% (22/25).Conclusion Distal clavicle excision plus suture anchor is an effective method to treat Craig Ⅴ distal clavicle fracture which results from serious trauma.